modal auxiliary

AUXILIARY	USES	PRESENT/FUTUR	PAST
May	(1)   Polite request	· May I close the door,please?
	(2)   Formal permission	· You may leave the class now
	(3)   Less than 50% certainty	· This may be a manifestasiont of my deep concern as the tradition is on the brink of extinction
Might	(1)   Less than 50% certainty	·    · He might be sick
	(2)   Polite request	· Mightn’t it be better to leave little Katie at home?
Should	(1)   Advisability	· She should attend the athletic compotition next week
	(2)   90% certainty	· Mudrajt kuncoro said the goverment should have prepared a long-term solution to deal with its electricity subsidy policy
Ought to	(1)   Advisability	· I checked it out. I think you ought to know
	(2)   90% certainty	· You ought to consider the offer of training overseas
Had better	(1)   Advisability with threat of bad result	· This years love had better last
Be supposed to	(1)   Expectation	· The summit is supposed to be an opportunity for leaders to find ways to keep nuclear material away from terrorists
Be to	(1)   Strong expectation	· The concert which is to be called ”Kidung Abadi Chrisye” or “Chrisye’s Eternal Ballad”, is slated for April 5 in Jakarta
Must	(1)   Strong necessity	· The government must really start developing alternatif energy programs
	(2)   Prohibition(negative)	· You must not eat in the classroom
	(3)    95% certainty	· Indicates that there must be something special about this year’s election
Have to	(1)   Necessity	· You have to trust the engineering was done rightles and soto ayam	·         “This has to be Chrisye’s fourth concert”he said.
	(2)   Lack of necessity(negative)	· You don't have to feel like a waste of space
Have got to	(1)   Necessity	· You Got To Not Let Yourself...Brother...
Will	(1)   100% certainty	· You will be surprised at how much it improves your spirit and help your worries melt away
	(2)   Willingness	· The committee will put forword its decision to a House plenary sesion on either Tuesday or Thursday
	(3)   Polite request	· Will you clean the garage this afternoon before you go?
Be going to	(1)   100% certainty	· Jim is going to be a little bit stiff and sore from the position
	(2)   Definite plan	· We’re going to get tougher in the comings days
Can	(1)   Ability/possibility	· I can assure you that the agent wasn’t involved in the purchasing process
	(2)   Informal permission	· I can find a Japanese restaurant in every mall
	(3)   Informal polite request	· Eve, can I talk to you?? I really need some advice about problem I have
	(4)   Impossibility(negative only)	· It can’t cost more than a dollar or two
Could	( 1)   Past ability		· Depspite the fact that the suspectes could have hid evidence
	(2)   Polite request	· Could you bring some food for the picnic
	(3)   Suggestion	· The king gave a big feast so that every one could give her gift
	(4)   Less than 50% certainty	·    · Interior Minister Rodrigo Hinzpeter said leter there could be up to 10 people lightly injured from the quake
	(5)   Impossibility (negative only)	· They spent about 20 minutes there during their 1960 dive but couldn’t see much from the sea floor
Be able to	(1)   Ability	· We are likely to be able to provide stable electricity supply at the moment
Would	(1)   Polite request	· Would you mind not talking so loudly?
	(2)   Preference	· I would rather I wored for the goverment
	(3)   Repeted action in the past		· The submarine would implode in an instans if it leaked
Used to	(1)   Repeated action in the past		· The festival has branched out from what used to be a fairly strict diet of classical music and opera
Shall	(1)   Polite question to make a suggestion	·     What shall I do?
	(2)   Future with “I” or “we” as subject	·   All my life I shall remain a widow

Pembunuh Bayaran

jasa pembunuh bayaran

Media online memang menjadi media yang sangat diminati untuk berbagai kalangan bisnis, entah itu bisnis belanja online yang menawarkan pakaina,sepatu, aksesoris, barang-barang elektronik dan juga berbagai macam jasa.  Semakin maraknya dengan bisnis online ini di daerah  Bandung telah dihebohkan dengan sebuah situs yang menggunakan media online untuk “JASA PEMBUNUH BAYARAN”.

Jasa pembunuh bayaran sendiri memang tidak asing lagi. Di Indonesia ada beberapa kasus yang melibatkan pembunuh bayaran, misalakan saja pada kasus Antasari Azhar yang di kabarkan memyewa pembunuh bayaran ketika menghabisi nyawa Direktur PT Rajawali Putra Banjaran Nasrudin Zulkarnaen.

“Menurut situs itu, orang yang akan menggunakan jasanya bisa menghubungi melalui email. Metode eksekusi korban pembunuhan bisa atas saran pemesan atau diserahkan kepada eksekutor."(dikutip dari metrotvnews.com)

Lalu apa bedanya pembunuh dengan pembunuh bayaran ???
Pembunuh adalah perbuatan yang menyebabkan hilangnya nyawa orang lain.
sedangkan Pembunuh bayaran memang sutau bisnis atau media untuk menghasiklan uang dengan menghilangkan nyawa orang lain karena unsur kesengajan untuk mendapatkan upah. Sehingga ini dijadikan suatu sumber penghasilan. Tentunya pekerjaan ini dengan upah yang cukup besar dan resiko yang besar pula.
bukan kah ini sangat ironi ...
Dengan semakin majunya dunia teknologi semakin maju pula pada tindak kriminalitas. Dalam hal ini diperlukan penanganan lebih lanjut oleh pihak berwajib, kemudian UU IT pun berperan penting dengan semakin marknya jejaring sosial atau pun media-media yang ditawarkan oleh aplikasi internet membuat banyak sekali penggunanya yang membuat account dengan begitu mudahnya.Seharunya penyedia jaringan pun membatasi akses jika si pembuat account tidak mengisi data sesuai dengan kriteria,namun ini sangatlah sulit.
oleh sebab itu gunakanlah media online sebaik mungkin.

Nama : Rini Risnawati
Kelas : 1EA02
NPM : 16211237

Bahasa Inggris

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (IF CLAUSE)

Conditional Sentence is phrases use to express supposition of an event that hasn’t happened,or even impossible. You can used conditional clauses to talk about a possible and its results. There are three kind of conditionals : Real in present/future, Unreal in present/future, and Unreal in past.

Verb form in “IF CLAUSE”	Verb form in “RESULT CLAUSE”	Meaning
I.                   Present Tense	Future Tense	Real in present/future
II.                Past Tense	Past Future	Unreal in present/future
III.             Past Perfect	Past Future Perfect	Unreal in past

I.                   Real in present/future

When you are talking about something which may possibly happen in the future, you use this type of conditional.

Condition				Result
if	Subject	V(present)	,	subject	will	Verb 1 + object
If	I	See her	,	I	will	buy her some books

Example :  

•  If the children are healthy, they will learn to walk at about eighteen months old.
• If light strikes a rough surface, it will bw diffuse.
• If Uki’s family meet Rini, I am sure that they will like her.
• If the trajectory of satellite is be slightly off at launch, it will get worse as the flight progresses.
•  If the  drought continues, many farmers will lose thair farms.
•  If the journalist reveals his source, the judge will cite him for contempt of court.
•  I will buy a car if I have a lot of money
•  If my mother is busy, I will help her.
•  The teacher will be angry if I don’t do homework.
• If I am hungry, Iwill eat.
•  I will visit Kuta if I go to Bali.
•  Toni will open the dictionary if he needs it.
• If I go to the post office, I will send a latter to you.
•   The farmer will cultivate the rich field if it rains.
• The director will pay the derks if they finish working.
•  I can pass this subject if I study hard.
• You must bring an umbrella if you don’t want to get wet.
  
  II. Unreal in present/future
  
  When you are talking about something that you think is unlikely to happen, you use type of conditional.

Condition				Result
If	Subject	V(past)	,	Subject	Would	Verb 1 + Object
If	I	Had a cellphone	,	I	Would	Call him
If	I	Were a teacher	,	I	Would	Punish her

the fact is :

·          I don’t have a cellphone, so I don’t call him

·         I am not a teacher, so I don’t punish her

Example :

• We would wait if you wanted to go cinema.
  Fact : We don’t wait, because you don’t want to go cinema. 
•   If you didn’t go to bed early, you would be so sleppy in the morning.
  Fact : You go to bad early, so you aren’t be so sleppy in the morning
•  If I wrote something in the board, she would eraser it.
  Fact : I don’t write someting in the board, so she don’t erases it.
•  She would run round the classroom if I didn’t do my homework.
  Fact : She don’t run round the classroom, because I do my homework.
• If you didn’t drink so much coffee, you wouldn’t be so nervous.
  Fact : You drink so much coffee, you aren’t be so nervous.
•  I would come to your birthday party if you invited me
  Fact : I don’t come to your birthday party, because you don’t invit me. 
•  I would be happy if you invited me.
  Fact : I don’t be happy, because you don’t invit me.
•  I would visit my grandmother if I was holyday
  Fact : I don’t visit my grandmother, because I am not holyday.
•  If you made a cake, she would come to your house.
  Fact : You don’t make a cake, so she don’t come to your house.
•  If you bought me a car, I would be happy.
  Fact : you don’t buy me a car, so I am not be happy.

III.             Unreal in the past

Use to expess a condition which is no longer possible because the time has passed full.

Condition				Result
if	Subject	V(past perfect) + V3	,	subject	Would	Verb 3 + object
If	you	had told me about the problem	,	I	would	Have helped you

The fact is : You did not tell me about it.

Exampel :

• If they had studied, they would have passed the exam.
  Fact : They did not study.Therefore, they failed the exam.
•  If I hadn’t slipped on the stairs, I wouldn’t have broken my arm.
  Fact : I slipped on the stairs. I broke my arm.
• If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car.
  Fact : I did not have enough money, so I did not have bought a car.
•  I would have come to your house if the weather had been fine.
  Fact : The weather wasn’t fine, so I didn’t come to your house.
•  If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have go to the zoo.
  Fact : The weather wasn’t nice yesterday, so we didn’t go to the zoo.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Azhar, Betty S. 2002.  Understanding and using English Grammar.

United State of America : Logman.

Hadi, Saiful,S.Ag.,MSW. Rahasia Cepat Mahir Berbahasa Inggris.

          BBK Center.

Http://ekobidiraharjo.wordpress.com/2009/05/14/conditional-sentence-type-3-theory.

Http://swarabaskara.com/miscellaneous/conditional-sentence-part-1/.

Http://swarabaskara.com/miscellaneous/conditional-sentence-part-2/.

Rachmawati, Feti. 2006. Exploring English. Jakarta : Exact Ganeca.

Roger, Tony. 2005. Informational English. Jakarta : Widya Utama.

Suryadi, Ichwan,dkk. 1996. Seri Diktat Kuliah Bahasa Inggris 1. Gunadarma.

Th M Sudarwati. 2007. Look a Head an English Course 2. Erlangga.

Th M Sudarwati. 2007. Look a Head an English Course 3. Erlangga.

Nama : Rini Risnawati

Kelas : 1EA02

NPM : 16211237

accident

Kecelakan berujung Maut

Maraknya kecelakan  yang akhir-akhir ini terjadi memang sungguh ironis . Entah itu kecelakan yang didominasi  kendaraan roda dua atau pun roda empat.  Nyawa orang-orang yang tak bersalah pun melayang begitu saja. Masih segar diingatan kita pada kecelakaan Tugu tani yang menggegerkan masyarakat, kecelakaan bis di daerah Sumedang yang terjun bebas ke jurang seningga menimbulakan korban lebih banyak, dan banyak lagi kecelakaan lalu lintas selama awal 2012 yang terjadi. Apa penyebabnya sehingga demikian???dan solusi apa saja yang harus ada agar bisa menyelesaikan masalah ini ???

Memang tiap tahunnya jumlah data kecelakaan yang terjadi selalu meningkat. Bukankah ini perlu pembenahan yang sangat nyata dari berbagai pihak, bukan hanya dari pemerintah atau pun kepolisian saja. Ujar Kepala Divisi Humas Polri Inspektur Jenderal Saud Usman Nasution, di Mabes Polri, Jakarta, Senin (13/2) menuturkan “selama satu bulan 13 hari ini pada 2012, tercatat ada 9.884 kecelakaan yang terjadi di seluruh Indonesia. Ribuan kasus itu menyebabkan 1.547 orang meninggal dunia, 2.562 luka berat, dan 7.564 orang luka ringan” . (Dikutip dari koran media indonesia). Bukankah ini suatu angka yang cukup tinggi.

Kemudian beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan kecelakaan lalu lintas itu sendiri :

•  Faktor manusia 
•  Faktor kendaraan 
• Faktor jalan
• Faktor cuaca 

Menurut saya sebagai pengguna kendaraan roda dua  solusi atau saran yang perlu di benahi adalah sebagai berikut :

·         Tidak boleh lalai bahkan ugal-ugalan dalam mengendarai kendaraan.

·         Tidak dianjurkan mengendarai kedaraan dalam keadaan mabuk, menggunakan obat terlarang/psikotrofika.

·         Perawatan terhadap kendaraan pun harus sering dilakuakan secara berkala.

·         Kondisi jalan yang rusak dan berlubang pun harus segera di benahi.

·         Adanay pembatas jalan, zebracross, trotoar untuk pejalan  kaki.

Oleh sebab itu di butuhkan kesadaran penuh dalam berkendaran agar tidak terjadi berbagai macam kecelakaan yang merugikan banyak pihak hingga menghilangkan nyawa orang lain.

And then Safety is nomor 1. 



Nama : Rini Risnawati
Kelas : 1EA02
NPM : 16211237
sumber : media indonesia dan http:/wikipedia.com